【定语从句专项练习题及答案详解】在英语学习中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。它不仅在阅读理解中频繁出现,也在写作和口语表达中起到关键作用。掌握好定语从句的用法,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性。本文将为大家提供一套关于定语从句的专项练习题,并附上详细的解析,帮助大家更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、定语从句的基本概念
定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,通常由关系代词(如 who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(如 when, where, why)引导。在句子中,定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词,用来进一步说明先行词的性质、特征或状态。
例如:
- The book that is on the table is mine.
(那本在桌子上的书是我的。)
二、专项练习题
请根据所学知识,选择最合适的选项完成下列句子。
1. This is the man ______ helped me yesterday.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. what
2. The city ______ I was born is very beautiful.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. when
3. The girl ______ you met at the party is my sister.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
4. The reason ______ he didn’t come to the meeting is unknown.
A. why
B. which
C. that
D. what
5. The house ______ we lived for ten years is now being renovated.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. when
6. The book ______ I bought last week is very interesting.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. whom
7. The person ______ called me this morning is my teacher.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. whom
8. The reason ______ she left early is not clear.
A. why
B. that
C. which
D. how
9. The students ______ passed the exam are going to the university.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. whom
10. The place ______ we visited last summer was very fascinating.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
三、答案与解析
1. A. who
解析:先行词是“the man”,指人,且在从句中作主语,因此用 who。
2. A. where
解析:先行词是“the city”,表示地点,且在从句中作状语,所以用 where。
3. A. who
解析:先行词是“the girl”,指人,且在从句中作宾语,可以用 who 或 whom,但 who 更常见。
4. A. why
解析:先行词是“the reason”,后面接的是原因状语从句,因此用 why。
5. A. where
解析:先行词是“the house”,表示地点,在从句中作状语,因此用 where。
6. A. that / B. which
解析:先行词是“the book”,指物,且在从句中作宾语,可以用 that 或 which,但在非限制性从句中只能用 which。
7. A. who
解析:先行词是“the person”,指人,在从句中作主语,因此用 who。
8. A. why
解析:先行词是“the reason”,后接原因状语从句,因此用 why。
9. A. who / C. that
解析:先行词是“the students”,指人,可用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。
10. A. which / B. that
解析:先行词是“the place”,指物,可用 which 或 that 引导定语从句。
四、总结
通过以上练习题可以看出,定语从句的使用需要根据先行词的性质(人/物)、在从句中的成分(主语/宾语/状语)以及是否为限制性或非限制性从句来判断关系词的选择。建议同学们在做题时多加分析,结合上下文理解句子结构,逐步提升对定语从句的掌握能力。
希望这篇练习与解析能帮助你在英语学习的道路上更进一步!